Math for Leisure ; Man I Love Math

Math for Leisure ;  Man I Love Math

( In the middle of preparations for my 4th semester Endsems right now ! So a lighter blog today )

Cute Little Equation

I was burnt out after doing Analog Electronics for 4 hours in one straight sitting, so after touching grass and going on youtube, I found this :-

which was a philosophical way of thinking about Maxwell's equation, but that's not what this short blog is about, it about this :-

I mean if you like math and if you see something like this, you'll surely give a try - at least mentally. And when you think you're really close but you're brain power isn't that of a genius, you start doing it on a paper. Solving this led me to few other interesting results, nothing of particular value but really fun to play with.

First Intuition

So clearly :-

$$13(x+y) = xy$$

Now how to ensure only positive integers ? I thought about reducing it just 1D graph, I thought should I look it only from one variable perspective, which is sought of the key. I played around by plugging in numbers. What this equation is saying is :-

so you just plug in values and try to catch any pattern ;

Getting Closer

I plugged y = 20, and observed x :-

$$13\cdot(x+20) = x\cdot 20$$

$$13x + 13 \times 20 = 20x$$

$$13 \times 20 = ( 20 - 13 )x$$

$$x = \frac{13 \times 20}{20-13}$$

Which is wrong, but now if you reverse engineer ( wherever you see 20, put back the y )

$$x = \frac{13 y}{y-13}$$

This is really great ! Since for x to be some positive integer,

$$\frac{y}{y-13}$$

the above term has to be a positive integer integer. This is the key term we need to look at. Now that means that :-

$$y = 13k$$

which would make the fraction :-

$$\frac{13k}{13k-13}$$

$$\frac{k}{k-1}$$

$$\implies k = 2$$

Since no other values of k, can make the fraction an integer.

$$\implies y = 13k = 13\times 2 = 26$$

$$\implies x = 13\left( \frac{y}{y-13} \right) = 13 \left( \frac{26}{13}\right) = 26$$

I feel Stupid

So the answer for our question

$$\frac{1}{13} = \frac{1}{x} + \frac{1}{y}$$

is just (26,26) , that is :-

$$\frac{1}{13} = \frac{1}{26} + \frac{1}{26}$$

And this is kind of embarrassing since throughout high school while dealing with resistors of equal resistance in parallel, the equivalent resistance which we get from :-

$$\frac{1}{R_{eff}} = \frac{1}{R} + \frac{1}{R}$$

turns out to be :-

$$\frac{1}{R_{eff}} = \frac{2}{R}$$

Which is exactly what happened here.

$$\frac{1}{13} = \frac{1}{26} + \frac{1}{26} = \frac{2}{26}$$

What I am trying to point out is :-

$$\frac{1}{\text{any number}} = \frac{1}{\text{twice the number}} + \frac{1}{\text{twice the number}}$$

Generalizing this Idea

Now I think I can pose a better question :-


Given

$$A = \begin{bmatrix} a_{1}& \\ a_{2}& \\ \vdots & \\ a_{n} & \end{bmatrix}$$

$$\frac{1}{73939133} = \sum_{i=1}^{n} \frac{1}{a_{i}}$$

Find the vector A such that all components of A are positive integers. It can be proven that such a solution always exists UNIQUELY.


Fun fact, the number I chose might seem arbitrary but it has some really interesting property not related to the problem though. ( Check it out here ( Flammable Maths YT Channel ) )

Hint

we know

$$\frac{1}{\text{any number}} = \frac{1}{\text{twice the number}} + \frac{1}{\text{twice the number}}$$

that is :-

$$\frac{1}{x} = \frac{1}{2x} + \frac{1}{2x}$$

Now if we extend it

$$\frac{1}{x} = \frac{1}{3x} + \frac{1}{3x} + \frac{1}{3x}$$

And that's how you generate it !

I got Analog Endsem Examination in one week, and I spend one and a half hours looking at some random math equation and writing a blog about it. Now it's time to have the next 4 hour sitting sigh.

Thank you,
__CPP_Try_Hard__ ;